Please forgive the slight inconvenience in creating a new account. Due to juvenile delinquents spamming garbage to the site, we had to install a "Captcha", which can differentiate a spam bot from a human. Once you open your account, confirm it by returning the email, and identifying yourself, we will give you edit privileges. Just request them by leaving a message at click here.
Genioglossus
Template:Muscle infobox The genioglossus is a muscle of the human body which runs from the chin to the tongue. The genioglossus is the major muscle responsible for protruding (or sticking out) the tongue.
Contents
Structure
Genioglossus is the fan-shaped extrinsic tongue muscle that forms the majority of the body of the tongue. Its origin is the mental spine of the mandible and its insertions are the hyoid bone and the dorsum of the tongue. Innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), it depresses and protrudes the tongue.
Clinical relevance
Contraction of the genioglossus stabilizes and enlarges the portion of the upper airway that is most vulnerable to collapse. A relaxation of the genioglossus and geniohyoideus muscles, especially during REM sleep, is implicated in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA.)[1]
Peripheral damage to the hypoglossal nerve can result in deviation of the tongue to the damaged side.
Etymology
The name derives from Greek roots: "Geneion" for chin, and "glossa" for tongue.
Additional images
- Gray177.png
Mandible. Inner surface. Side view.
- Gray513.png
The internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side.
- Gray794.png
Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches.
- Slide1ww.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide7ww.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide13aaa.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide6fff.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide2ggg.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide5hhh.JPG
thumb|Genioglossus muscle
- Slide12lll.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
- Slide10ooo.JPG
Genioglossus muscle
References
- ↑ Herder et al. (2004) "Risks of general anaesthesia in people with obstructive sleep apnoea" British Medical Journal 329 (7472):955-959
External links
- Template:MuscleLoyola
- Template:SUNYAnatomyFigs
- -227868593 at GPnotebook
- Genioglossus+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
- Template:RocheLexicon
- Frontal section
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
hu:Musculus genioglossus nl:Musculus genioglossus ja:オトガイ舌筋 pt:Músculo genioglosso sr:Гениоглосни мишић sh:Genioglosni mišić
